Muscle weakness is an indicator of pathological processes occurring within the nerve–muscle communication pathway. In autoimmune disorders such as Myasthenia Gravis, antibodies targeting postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors impair the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscle. In polyneuropathies, the myelin sheath or axonal structure of peripheral nerve fibers is affected. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies are fundamental electrophysiological methods used in diagnosing these disorders. Treatment may include immunomodulatory medications, plasmapheresis, and neuroregenerative approaches.
